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Wired for Innovation : How Information Technology Is Reshaping the Economy
Two experts on the information economy explore the true economic value of technology and innovation. A wave of business innovation is driving the productivity resurgence in the U.S. economy. In Wired for Innovation, Erik Brynjolfsson and Adam Saunders describe how information technology directly or indirectly created this productivity explosion, reversing decades of slow growth.They argue that the companies with the highest level of returns to their technology investment are doing more than just buying technology; they are inventing new forms of organizational capital to become digital organizations.These innovations include a cluster of organizational and business-process changes, including broader sharing of information, decentralized decision-making, linking pay and promotions to performance, pruning of non-core products and processes, and greater investments in training and education. Innovation continues through booms and busts. This book provides an essential guide for policy makers and economists who need to understand how information technology is transforming the economy and how it will create value in the coming decade.
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Robots, Automation and the Innovation Economy
Cascades of new technologies and innovations are entering our lives so fast that it is difficult for us to adapt to one innovation before the next becomes embedded into our everyday lives.What happens when the changes brought by technology are so profound that they affect all aspects of our lives?This book explores the potential impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and intelligent robots on individuals, organizations and society, specifically examining the impact on jobs and workplaces in the future.It provides an understanding of how we can adapt to changes that appear like flocks of black swans. Five key areas are unpacked in the book: automation, AI, (the significance of AI technology), innovation, competence transformation, and the fact that the pace of change is so rapid that it outstrips our ability to adapt to consecutive changes.The main objective is to show how AI will change society and how we as individuals and society must adapt in order to survive what the author terms ‘robot shock’, together with its consequences and after-effects.It offers a greater understanding of resistance to change and how we need to adopt strategies for adapting to major changes.Each of the book’s six chapters also contains policy inputs, framed as propositions, that are intended specifically for decision-makers.The book concludes by offering possible strategies for overcoming the negative effects of ‘robot shock’. The book intends to send a message to leaders of institutions, decision-makers and anyone attempting to understand and explain how we – as a social system – can succeed in tackling the many major challenges and crises faced by humanity.
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Royal Canin Veterinary Feline Sensitivity Control - Economy Pack: 2 x 3.5kg
Itchy areas, dull fur, hair loss and digestive issues - all of these can be the result of food intolerances or allergies in cats. Royal Canin Veterinary Cat - Sensitivity Control is a highly digestible dietetic food that has been specially developed to meet the needs of nutritionally sensitive cats. This Royal Canin Veterinary Cat - Sensitivity Control dietetic dry food is made with selected protein and carbohydrate sources in limited amounts, in order to reduce the risk of intolerance. It also contains ingredients to support skin and coat, as well as digestion, including omega-3 fatty acids and linoleic acid. Royal Canin Veterinary Cat - Sensitivity Control at a glance: Dietetic complete food for cats, designed to reduce nutritional intolerance reactions Selected proteins: contains protein from a limited number of sources, to reduce the risk of intolerance Selected carbohydrates: digestible rice Skin barrier: linoleic acid to support the skin's natural barrier With EPA and DHA: beneficial omega-3 fatty acids Supports digestion: tailored recipe to promote healthy digestive function Healthy urinary tract: S/O index for optimum conditions to make it difficult for urinary stones to form Suitable as an exclusion diet Recommended by veterinarians General information: Please seek your vet's advice before using this food or extending the feeding period. When feeding your cat with a veterinary diet you should consult your vet regularly for check-ups. If your cat's health deteriorates please seek veterinary advice immediately.
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Royal Canin Veterinary Canine Sensitivity Control - Economy Pack: 2 x 14kg
General information: Please seek your vet's advice before using this food or extending the feeding period. When feeding your dog with a veterinary diet you should consult your vet regularly for check-ups. If your dog's health deteriorates please seek veterinary advice immediately. Food intolerances are not a rare occurrence in dogs. These can often manifest as skin problems or digestive issues, so it is vital to choose a tailored nutrition. Royal Canin Veterinary Dog - Sensitivity Control is a dietetic dry food specially designed for nutritionally sensitive dogs, developed to help reduce symptoms of food or nutrient intolerance. This Royal Canin Veterinary Dog - Sensitivity Control dietetic food has a limited number of protein sources, as well as only using proteins that are rarely linked to food allergies. This can help to improve digestibility. To support the skin, Royal Canin Veterinary Dog - Sensitivity Control also contains beneficial omega-3 fatty acids and linoleic acid. The dietetic food also provides your dog with selected carbohydrate sources. Royal Canin Veterinary Dog - Sensitivity Control at a glance: Dietetic complete food for dogs, to reduce symptoms and incidences of nutrient intolerances Selected protein- and carbohydrate sources: limited number of protein sources, with only those that are seldom linked to food allergies Natural skin barrier: special recipe with linoleic acid to support the skin's barrier With EPA and DHA: beneficial omega-3 fatty acids to support the skin Healthy digestion: with ingredients that can support digestive function Suitable for mixed feeding: can be combined with Sensitivity Control wet food Recommended by veterinarians
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What is the interaction between media, sports, and economy?
The interaction between media, sports, and the economy is complex and interconnected. Media plays a crucial role in promoting and broadcasting sports events, which in turn generates revenue through advertising, sponsorships, and broadcasting rights. The success and popularity of sports can have a significant impact on the economy, as it can boost tourism, create jobs, and stimulate consumer spending. Additionally, the economy can also influence the sports industry, as economic factors such as consumer spending power and corporate sponsorships can impact the financial health of sports teams and organizations.
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Free market economy or planned economy?
The choice between a free market economy and a planned economy depends on the specific goals and values of a society. A free market economy allows for individual freedom and competition, which can lead to innovation and efficiency. However, it can also result in inequality and lack of regulation. On the other hand, a planned economy allows for more control and distribution of resources, but it can stifle individual initiative and innovation. Ultimately, the decision between the two depends on the balance a society seeks between individual freedom and social equality.
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Why market economy and not planned economy?
A market economy is preferred over a planned economy because it allows for individual freedom and choice in economic decision-making. In a market economy, prices are determined by supply and demand, leading to efficient allocation of resources. Additionally, competition in a market economy encourages innovation and productivity, driving economic growth. On the other hand, a planned economy, where the government controls production and distribution, can lead to inefficiencies, lack of innovation, and limited consumer choice.
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How are planned economy and shortage economy related?
A planned economy is a system in which the government controls and regulates production, distribution, and prices of goods and services. In a planned economy, resources are allocated based on a central plan rather than market forces. A shortage economy occurs when there is a lack of goods and services available for consumers due to factors such as poor planning, inefficiency, or external shocks. In a planned economy, the risk of a shortage economy is higher as the government may not accurately predict or meet the demands of the population, leading to imbalances in supply and demand.
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Technology Innovation for the Circular Economy : Recycling, Remanufacturing, Design, System Analysis and Logistics
TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION FOR THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY The book comprises 56 peer-reviewed chapters comprehensively covering in-depth areas of circular economy design, planning, business models, and enabling technologies. Some of the greatest opportunities for innovation in the circular economy are in remanufacturing, refurbishment, reuse, and recycling.Critical to its growth, however, are developments in product design approaches and the manufacturing business model that are often met with challenges in the current, largely linear economies of today’s global manufacturing chains. The conference hosted by the REMADE Institute in Rochester, NY, brought together U.S. and international researchers, industry engineers, technologists, and policymakers, to discuss the myriad intertwining issues relating to the circular economy. This book consists of 56 chapters in 10 distinct parts covering broad areas of research and applications in the circular economy area.The first four parts explore the system level work related to circular economy approaches, models and advancements including the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to guide implementation, as well as design for circularity approaches.Mechanical and chemical recycling technologies follow, highlighting some of the most advanced research in those areas.Next, innovation in remanufacturing is addressed with descriptions of some of the most advanced work in this field.This is followed by tire remanufacturing and recycling, highlighting innovative technologies in addressing the volume of end-of-use tires.Pathways to net-zero emissions in manufacturing of materials concludes the book, with a focus on industrial decarbonization. Audience This book has a wide audience in academic institutes, business professionals and engineers in a variety of manufacturing industries.It will also appeal to economists and policymakers working on the circular economy, clean tech investors, industrial decision-makers, and environmental professionals.
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Hydrogen Economy, The: Fundamentals, Technology, Economics
The 'Hydrogen Economy' is very broad subject ranging from the potential use of hydrogen for domestic use to the mass production of hydrogen replacing coal, natural gas (LNG) and conventional transport fuels.For any given project, there are many alternatives to consider for each stage of making, storing and transporting hydrogen.The book aims to assist proponents, and financiers of hydrogen projects to identify the optimum alternatives and identify hurdles and approaches to overcome them.This book attempts to describe an optimum approach to implement and its cost. It sets out to identify hurdles to implementation which may not be apparent to those entering the field for the first time.The book covers the various means and costs of production from fossil fuels (with carbon capture) - blue hydrogen - electrolysis - green hydrogen - or biomass.The book covers hydrogen storage as liquid or compressed gas and transport, through pipelines as liquid or by an intermediary fluid such as ammonia or a hydrocarbon.The book also discusses the production and costs of hydrogen delivery at the user end of a logistics chain.It also compares the relative energy value of energy delivered hydrogen versus the current suite of conventional fuels.
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Pliny's Roman Economy : Natural History, Innovation, and Growth
The first comprehensive study of Pliny the Elder’s economic thought—and its implications for understanding the Roman Empire’s constrained innovation and economic growthThe elder Pliny’s Natural History (77 CE), an astonishing compilation of 20,000 “things worth knowing,” was avowedly intended to be a repository of ancient Mediterranean knowledge for the use of craftsmen and farmers, but this 37-book, 400,000-word work was too expensive, unwieldy, and impractically organized to be of utilitarian value.Yet, as Richard Saller shows, the Natural History offers more insights into Roman ideas about economic growth than any other ancient source.Pliny’s Roman Economy is the first comprehensive study of Pliny’s economic thought and its implications for understanding the economy of the Roman Empire. As Saller reveals, Pliny sometimes anticipates modern economic theory, while at other times his ideas suggest why Rome produced very few major inventions that resulted in sustained economic growth.On one hand, Pliny believed that new knowledge came by accident or divine intervention, not by human initiative; research and development was a foreign concept.When he lists 136 great inventions, they are mostly prehistoric and don’t include a single one from Rome—offering a commentary on Roman innovation and displaying a reverence for the past that contrasts with the attitudes of the eighteenth-century encyclopedists credited with contributing to the Industrial Revolution.On the other hand, Pliny shrewdly recognized that Rome’s lack of competition from other states suppressed incentives for innovation.Pliny’s understanding should be noted because, as Saller shows, recent efforts to use scientific evidence about the ancient climate to measure the Roman economy are flawed. By exploring Pliny’s ideas about discovery, innovation, and growth, Pliny’s Roman Economy makes an important new contribution to the ongoing debate about economic growth in ancient Rome.
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Deglobalization : China-US Rivalry in the Innovation Economy
The emerging conflict between the US and China has an inherent tendency towards a development of deglobalization.It is the historical prerequisites for this deglobalization that are examined in this book.These assumptions are largely based on what is termed the second wave of globalization, based on increasing technological competition between the US and China, as well as China's expansion along the New Silk Road. In this book, the author makes a distinction between the Old Globalization and the New Globalization.The Old Globalization was characterized by competition over costs in general and wage costs in particular, while the New Globalization is categorized by new competencies and skills, especially technological capabilities and technological innovations.The second wave, which is driven by technological innovations, lays the foundation for a counter-strategy on the part of the US to stem the Chinese technological expansion.It is this new strategy that confines the second wave of globalization from China and lays the foundation for deglobalization. The book analyses US-China relations from a fresh perspective, namely a systemic thinking approach.The focus is the emerging innovation economy, which leads to tension and deglobalization.The book is grounded in evolutionary economics and uses conceptual generalization in its descriptions, analysis, theoretical reflections, and real-world cases.The key message is that the economy of the future will be characterized by coordinated wave movements: economic growth mainly controlled by private capital alternating with economic downturns that necessitate collective solutions and government interventions.The book offers policy suggestions, which include promoting effective macroeconomic policies, and extending microeconomic cooperation schemes, related to the innovation economy.
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What is the difference between social market economy, free market economy, and planned economy?
A social market economy combines elements of both a free market economy and a planned economy. It allows for private ownership of businesses and resources, while also implementing government regulations to ensure fair competition and social welfare. In contrast, a free market economy relies on minimal government intervention, allowing businesses to operate with little regulation. On the other hand, a planned economy is centrally controlled by the government, with decisions regarding production, distribution, and pricing made by central authorities.
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Is Germany a centrally planned economy, a social market economy, or a free market economy?
Germany is considered a social market economy. This means that while it operates within a free market framework, the government plays a significant role in regulating the economy and providing social welfare programs. The social market economy model aims to balance economic freedom with social responsibility, promoting competition and entrepreneurship while also ensuring social security and a fair distribution of wealth. This approach has been a key factor in Germany's economic success and stability.
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How do planned economy and social market economy differ?
A planned economy is one in which the government controls all aspects of economic production and distribution, including setting prices and determining what goods and services are produced. In contrast, a social market economy is a system in which the government plays a more limited role, allowing for private ownership and competition while also providing social safety nets and regulations to ensure fair competition and protect consumers. In a planned economy, the government has a central role in decision-making, while in a social market economy, the market plays a more significant role, with government intervention focused on ensuring fairness and social welfare.
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'Economy or Environment?'
Both the economy and the environment are important and interconnected. It is essential to strike a balance between economic growth and environmental protection to ensure sustainable development. Neglecting the environment can have long-term negative impacts on the economy, while a healthy environment can support a thriving economy. Therefore, it is crucial to consider both aspects in decision-making processes to achieve a harmonious and sustainable future.
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